T
- T3
- An abbreviation for triiodothyronine, one of the thyroid hormones.
- T4
- An abbreviation for thyroxine, one of the thyroid hormones.
- target cell
- A cell which is responsive to a particular hormone because it bears the receptor for that hormone.
- taste
- A "special sense" involving detection of chemical stimuli by taste buds in the oral cavity.
- teeth
- Specialized bone-like structures in the jaw used for biting and chewing.
- terminal transferase
- An enzyme that catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the 3-prime termini of DNA.
- thyroglobulin
- A large, dimeric protein synthesized by thyroid epithelial cells. Serves as a precursor for synthesis of thyroid hormones.
- thyroid gland
- An endocrine organ located in the neck that secretes thyroid hormones and calcitonin.
- thyroid-releasing hormone
- A small peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary.
- thyroid-stimulating hormone
- A glycoprotein hormone secreted from the anterior pituitary that stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones.
- thyrotoxicosis
- A form of hyperthyroidism or excess of thyroid hormones.
- thyrotropin
- Another name for thyroid stimulating hormone.
- thyroxine
- A hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Also called 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine.
- trancellular
- Passage through cells. Many nutrients are transported across the intestine by transcellular passage. In contrast to paracellular.
- trans-
- Prefix meaning through, across or beyond.
- transcription factor
- A term used to describe any protein that participates in initiating transcription. Transcription factors bind either to DNA or to other proteins that bind DNA.
- translocation
- A chromosomal abnormality which occurs when chromosomes break and the fragments rejoin to other chromosomes.
- triglyceride
- A type of lipid also called neutral fat. A prominent fat in diets.
- triiodothyronine
- A hormone produced by the thyroid gland.
- trypsin
- A proteolytic enzyme that digests proteins into peptides. Produced in abundance by the pancreas.
- Turner's syndrome
- X chromosome monosomy; a chromosomal disease due to having a single X sex chromosome.
Last updated on 10/2/2004